A Separate Peace (Gene) essays

A Separate Peace (Gene) essays In the novel A Separate Peace by John Knowles, Gene Forrester is a character wrought with inner-conflict. The first trait that contributes to Genes inner-turmoil is that he is dreadfully lacking in self-confidence and he is uncomfortable with the person he has been all his life, especially during his years at Devon. As an adult returning there, he fears that nothing will have changed since his time there; and, perhaps most importantly, he fears that he hasnt changed either. He finds that the varnished new surface of Devon seems to make it look like a museum...and thats exactly...what I did not want it to be. Devon reminds Gene of the person he was while he was there, and his displeasure with the preservation of the buildings reveals how much he wants to forget that person. Gene would rather have these buildings decay and fall to the ground than stand as a monument to the old Gene who he now hates and dreads so much. In addition to his insecurity, Gene is very distrustful of th e motives of others. The most profound example of this is that he comes to suspect the true motives of even his very best friend. Gene convinces himself that Finny is trying to sabotage his grades. Gene begins to believe that inventing games like Blitzball and insisting on their nightly jumps from the tree were actions on Finnys part to attempt to destroy Genes grades because Finny resented the fact that Gene had earned an A in nearly every course while Finny could never muster better than a C. Finally, Gene is resentful towards Finny throughout the book for all the ways that Finny is superior to him. He is at first able to find a single sustaining thought in the fact that he and Finny are even in enmity. The idea that they are both coldly driving ahead for [themselves] alone allows Gene to feel less guilty about his actions like trying to raise his grades to spite Finny. ...

Personal Pronouns in Japanese

Personal Pronouns in Japanese A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. In English, examples of pronouns include I, they, who, it, this, none and so on. Pronouns perform a variety of grammatical functions and are thus heavily used is most languages. There are many subtypes of pronouns such as  personal pronouns,  reflexive  pronouns,  possessive pronouns,  demonstrative pronouns, and more. Japanese vs English Pronoun Usage The use of Japanese personal pronouns is quite different from English. They are not used as often as their English counterparts, though there are a variety of pronouns in Japanese depending on the gender or the style of speech. If the context is clear, the Japanese prefer not to use the personal pronouns. It is important to learn how to use them, but also important to understand how not to use them. Unlike English, there is no strict rule to have a grammatical subject in a sentence. How to Say I Here are the different ways one can say I depending on the situation and to whom one is speaking to, whether it be a superior or a close friend. watakushi ã‚ Ã£ Å¸Ã£  Ã£ â€" - very formalwatashi ã‚ Ã£ Å¸Ã£ â€" - formalboku (male) Ã¥Æ'•, atashi (female) 㠁‚㠁Ÿã â€" - informalore (male) ä ¿ º - very informal How to Say You The following are the different ways of saying you depending on the circumstances. otaku 㠁Šã Å¸Ã£   - very formalanata 㠁‚㠁 ªÃ£ Å¸ - formalkimi (male) Ã¥ â€º - informalomae (male) 㠁Šå‰ , anta 㠁‚ん㠁Ÿ- very informal Japanese Personal Pronoun Usage Among these pronouns, watashi and anata are the most common. However, as mentioned above, they are often omitted in conversation. When addressing your superior, anata is not appropriate and should be avoided. Use the persons name instead. Anata is also used by wives when they address their husbands. Omae is sometimes used by husbands when addressing their wives, though it sounds a little bit old-fashioned. Third Person Pronouns The pronouns for the third person are kare (he) or kanojo (she). Rather than using these words, it is preferred to use the persons name or describe them as ano hito (that person). It is not necessary to include gender. Here are some sentence examples: Kyou Jon ni aimashita.ä »Å Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£â€š ¸Ã£Æ' §Ã£Æ' ³Ã£  «Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã£ â€žÃ£  ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã€‚I saw him (John) today.Ano hito o shitte imasu ka.㠁‚㠁 ®Ã¤ º ºÃ£â€šâ€™Ã§Å¸ ¥Ã£  £Ã£  ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Do you know her? Additionally, kare or kanojo often means a boyfriend or a girlfriend. Here are the terms used in a sentence: Kare ga imasu ka.Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã£ Å'㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Do you have a boyfriend?Watashi no kanojo wa kangofu desu.ç § Ã£  ®Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã¥ ¥ ³Ã£  ¯Ã§Å"‹è ­ ·Ã¥ © ¦Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢My girlfriend is a nurse. Plural Personal Pronouns To make plurals, a suffix ~ tachi (é â€) is added like watashi-tachi (we) or anata-tachi (you plural). The suffix ~ tachi can be added to not only pronouns but to some other nouns referring to people. For example, kodomo-tachi (Ã¥ ­ Ã¤ ¾â€ºÃ© â€) means children. For the word anata, the suffix ~ gata (æâ€" ¹) is used sometimes to make it plural instead of using ~ tachi. Anata-gata (㠁‚㠁 ªÃ£ Å¸Ã¦â€" ¹) is more formal than anata-tachi. The suffix ~ ra (ら) is also used for kare, such as karera (they).

Investigation and Apprehension of Offenders Research Paper

Investigation and Apprehension of Offenders - Research Paper Example Furthermore, it discusses the effectiveness of sting operations by considering the factors, which indicate that a case is resolved. Sting Operations use at the BPD The BPD adopts sting operations upon reviewing the findings proposed by Dr. Langworthy because of the significance of the tactic in addressing criminal dealings in the area. The application of sting operations necessitates the department to establish an implementation policy (Stojkovic, Kalinich & Klofas, 2007). Furthermore, the BPD needs to appraise and determine diverse practices basing on the objectives and logistics for completing such operations. The department potential goals of employing sting operations entail determining its usefulness in reducing crime levels. The department also focuses on approximating the potential number of offenders who can be arrested using the tactic (Stojkovic, Kalinich & Klofas, 2007). Finally, applying this tactic allows the department to decide on public participation opportunities in assisting the force in dealing with unlawful activities. The development of an operation implementation formula requires the department to determine the necessary inputs that facilitate its effectiveness. These inputs would include finances that the department uses in advancing sting operations. The tactic requires massive budgeting to cater for the property displayed on storefronts and finances used for purchasing other entrapment items (Lynch & Lynch, 2005). The department also requires investigative personnel as input into the operations. These will include trained officers that possess the acumen to sting criminals. Other inputs also include apparatus and buildings that undercover officers utilize in executing their investigative duties. These inputs are significant because they make it simple to acquire credible evidence that makes prosecution easier (Lynch & Lynch, 2005). This is because aspects of such proofs contain factors that indicate a case is solved by offering prima fa cie substantiation. The activities undertaken during sting operations also form a crucial component of the policy. These activities would entail well-designed operations such as installing items for ensnaring wrongdoers. The activities also include personnel working as salespersons or buyers of certain property (Lynch & Lynch, 2005). The personnel also execute patrolling initiatives for purposes of finding wrongdoers undertaking outlawed activities. Undertaking the activities take place through a combination of inputs that consequently leads to attaining outcomes. Sting operations also generate outputs that indicate the results of utilizing inputs in completing certain activities. Investigators outputs may entail the escalated arrests that take place during operations (Lynch & Lynch, 2005). Furthermore, taking away criminals property, stolen goods, and commercial licenses also forms outputs. The property that investigators obtain from wrongdoers is proofs that such people undertake unlawful activities. It is paramount to insinuate that such property finds use during prosecution and contains aspects that connote a case is solved. Other outputs also include videos recorded

Strategic Management of DL Limited Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Strategic Management of DL Limited - Assignment Example The researcher states that the term ‘strategy’ is defined as the plan or the action of the organisations designed to achieve the vission of an organisation. It is performed with the help of all available organisational resources at efficient and effective manner so as to attain the objectives of the organisation. Strategies are developed or planned in order to enhance the strength of an organisation thereby reducing the potencies of the competiting firms. Thus, strategies might be of varied types such as corporate, businessunit and operational approaches among others. Strategy facilitates in augmentation of the sustianability and corporate image of an organisation in the long run among other competitors. Therefore, proper examination, selection and execution of a strategy are basic constitents of strategic management. Strategic management is odten referred as a term that deals with projected and evolving initiatives taken to augment the performance of ï ¬ rms in the ma rkets. It involves identification of the organisation's mission, vision and goals, policies and plans, intended to accomplish the future objectives thereby utilising the avalilable resources in an efficient manner. Strategic management is a continuous procedure of developement of strategies and policies that facilitates to compete with the existing rivals in the market thereby ensuring the market share and the brand distinctiveness among others in the market. ... This is a report highlighting the preparation of a strategic plan for ‘DL Limited’, thereby utilising varied ideas and knoweledges of strategic management so as to make the plan more proficient and effective. Discussion Strategic management refers a collection of decisions and operations which is accepted so as to improve the performance of an organisation.. The strategies are formulated after taking a descriptive knowledge and understanding about the environmental conditions of the market. This can be attained after conducting a SWOT analysis so as to acquire a detailed idea about the strengths and weaknesses thereby maximising the opportunities and minimising the threaths. Thus, strategic management includes planning for both present and future prospects of an organisation. Strategic management includes strategic analysis, planning and implementation so as to enhance the profitability and the marketshare among others. This can be possible only through proper decision m aking process and proper analysis of the market along with the rival competitors’ approaches and product lines so as to ensure positive future prospects for the organisation (Wells, n.d.). In this era of globalisation and industrialisation, it is essential to implement strategic planning process in order to enhance the business and its market identity among other competiting brands. Strategic planning is referred to as an organisation's procedure of defining its policies, or trends necessary for decision making so as to utilise its resources to attain the future strategies. In order to determine the future courses of an organisation, it is essential to realise the existing position and financial condition which would facilitate the

The Olympic and Paralympic Games were held in London in Summer 2012 Dissertation

The Olympic and Paralympic Games were held in London in Summer 2012. One of the major changes to delivery of the Games that has - Dissertation Example The committee not only suggested new plans for improving the environmental issues but also had made sure that they can serve the society positively. The survey which is conducted in GSM, London, throws light on the fact that the youth are interested in sports and extracurricular activities, but due to their busy schedule they forget to take care of their health. Sports are not only refreshing but also, help in eradicating diseases to make life healthier. The youth are aware of the sport-health relationship that indicates to the fact that they can educate the mass with their knowledge and help in creating a safer and healthier world. Olympic and Paralympics Games Summer 2012 The Summer Olympic 2012 had taken place in London from 27th July to 12th August, 2012 and it was followed by Paralympics Games 2012 from 29th August to 9Th September, 2012. 205 nations had participated in the 300 events that took place in Summer Olympic. However, 147 nations joined the events of Paralympics Games 2012. ... It is also described as the mean of achieving reconciliation and peace, which is the fundamental pre-condition for the principles of sustainability that has been applied and shared by the Olympic Movement (Olympic.Org., 2013f). The following are the key stakeholders of Olympic Movement who facilitates their sustainable development: 1) International and National Sports Federations (IFs and NFs) 2) National Olympic Committees (NOCs) 3) Olympic Games and youth Olympic Games Organising Committees (OCOGs and YOCOGs) 4) Corporate sponsors 5) Media 6) Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) 7) Most importantly the public. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is in a good position to assist the building of a sustainable future by encouraging the work with major groups, regeneration of the political commitments and also, by creating a worldwide support for actions. Sustainability Plan put forward by the organisers Sustainability can be described as the continuous project that was undertake n by the Olympic Movement (OM) and was also promoted for adoption worldwide. The process of adoption started with the execution of modest green actions. The Sustainability Plan has evolved for over 20 years since the Earth Summit, 1992. In 2012, the Olympic Games were held in London and before the grand event the supervisory committee had made a Sustainability Plan which had given shape to the overall development of the whole event. This section of the report elaborates the sustainability plan that was put forward by the organisers. London 2012 The consumer lifestyles in the developed industrial nations have dramatically surpassed the productivity capacity of the Earth. The world has already undergone ecological overshoot about 40 years ago and currently, the

Health Issues in Urban Areas

Health Issues in Urban Areas HEALTHY SETTING INTRODUCTION Currently, more than half of the world’s population lives in an urban area. It is estimated that by 2050, more than two-third of the world’s population will be living in towns and cities (WHO 2015). Rapid urbanization leads to significant changes in our standards of living, lifestyles, social behaviour and health. Living in urban area offer many opportunities, including potential access to better health care. However, today’s urban environments can concentrate health risks and introduce new hazards. Health problems in cities include issues of water, environment, violence and injury, non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, unhealthy diets and physical inactivity, harmful use of alcohol. (Eckert Kohler 2014; WHO 2015). The prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases are worsened by pollution. Urban air pollution kills around 1.2 million people each year around the world (WHO 2015). A major proportion of urban air pollution is caused by motor vehicles, although industrial pollution, electricity generation and in least developed countries household fuel combustion are also major contributors. Mass marketing in urban areas, availability of unhealthy food choices and accessibility to automation and transport all have an effect on lifestyle that directly affect health (WHO 2015). These environments tend to discourage physical activity and promote unhealthy food c onsumption. Community participation in physical activity is poor due to by a variety of factors including overcrowding, high-volume traffic, and heavy use of motorized transportation, poor air quality and lack of safe public spaces and recreation or sports facilities (WHO 2015). Apart from that, urbanization affects the spread of diseases including tuberculosis, malaria and HIV/AIDS. Incidence of tuberculosis in New York City is four times the national average. While in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 83% of people with tuberculosis live in cities. Setting like recreational park in urban area is supposed to be a place for healthy activities such as jogging, exercise and some sports. However, for some people they use this park for negative behaviour such as sexual misconduct including indecent exposure, offensive touching, sexual acts, or prostitution. This behaviour may lead to unintended pregnancy and subsequently some of them will desperately dump the baby especially among teenagers. THE CONCEPT STRATEGY OF HEALTHY SETTING Healthy Settings as one of health promotion approaches, involve a holistic and multi-disciplinary method which integrates action across risk factors. The goal is to maximize disease prevention via a whole system approach. This approach begins in the WHO â€Å"Health for All† strategy and, more specifically, the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Key principles of Healthy Settings include community participation, partnership, empowerment and equity. The best-known example of a successful Healthy Settings programme is Healthy Cities. This programme initiated by WHO in 1986 and have spread rapidly across Europe and other parts of the world. Building on this experience, a number of parallel initiatives based on similar principles were established during the late 1980s and early 1990s within a number of smaller settings such as villages, schools, or hospitals. The Healthy Settings movement came out of the WHO strategy of â€Å"Health for All† in 1980. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (1986) clearly explained this approach. These documents were important steps towards establishing the holistic and multifaceted approach embodied by Healthy Settings programmes, as well as towards the integration of health promotion and sustainable development. Then, in 1992, the Sundsvall Statement called for the creation of supportive environments with a focus on settings for health. The Jakarta Declaration in 1997 subsequently emphasized the value of settings for implementing comprehensive strategies and providing an infrastructure for health promotion. Nowadays, various settings are used to facilitate the improvement of public health throughout the world. Figure 1: Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (WHO 1986) WHO defined setting for health as the place or social context in which people engage in daily activities in which environmental, organizational, and personal factors interact to affect health and wellbeing (Health Promotion Glossary 1998). A setting is where people actively use and shape the environment and it is also where people create or solve problems relating to health. Settings can normally be identified as having physical boundaries, a range of people with defined roles, and an organizational structure. Examples of settings include schools, work sites, hospitals, villages and cities. Health promotion through different settings can take many forms and these often involve some changes to the physical environment or to the organizational structure, administration and management. Settings can also be used to promote health as they are vehicles to reach individuals, to gain access to services, and to synergistically bring together the interactions throughout the wider community. Healthy setting programmes took off predominantly in Europe and the Americas following the Ottawa Charter and Jakarta Declaration. The primary form of implementation has been the Healthy Cities programmes. Through pilot projects and expansion efforts, many other Healthy Settings have been established throughout the two regions. Today, efforts have been made in all WHO regions to expand the movement. Other settings include villages, municipalities and communities, schools, workplaces, markets, homes, islands, hospitals, prisons, universities and healthy ageing (Figure 1). Approach in healthy settings involves a focus on both structure or place and agency or people. It should be understood that a setting not only as a medium for reaching ‘captive audiences’ but also as a supportive context and environment which directly and indirectly impacts wellbeing. Apart from that, it is a commitment to integrating health and wellbeing within the culture, structures and routine life of settings. Healthy City is defined as a one that is continually creating and improving those physical and social environments and expanding those community resources which enable people to mutually support each other in performing all the functions of life and in developing to their maximum potential (Hancock and Duhl 1988). Healthy Cities Initiative features political commitment in multi-sector to health and well-being in the most ecological sense; commitment to innovation; community participation; and the resultant healthy public policy. Health and well-being must be planned and built ‘into’ cities and presented as everyone’s business. Political endorsement is important in ensuring inter-sectorial collaboration. Systems for participatory decision-making must be developed to ensure that all voices are heard, especially those of marginalised people (Baum 1993). Healthy Cities is essentially an empowerment process that embeds the Ottawa Charter’s core definition of hea lth- â€Å"The process of enabling people in a community or city to increase control over and improve all the many different factors that affect their health† (WHO 1986). Healthy Cities is based on the recognition that city and urban environments affect citizens’ health, and that healthy municipal public policy is needed to effect change (Ashton 1992). In the early stages of the Healthy Cities approach, 11 key parameters were identified for healthy cities, communities, and towns (Hancock and Duhl 1988): A clean, safe, high-quality environment (including housing). An ecosystem that is stable now and sustainable in the long term. A strong, mutually supportive and non-exploitative community. A high degree of public participation in and control over the decisions affecting life, health, and well-being. The meeting of basic needs (food, water, shelter, income, safety, work) for all people. Access to a wide variety of experiences and resources, with the possibility on multiple contacts, interaction, and communication. A diverse, vital, and innovative economy. Encouragement of connections with the past, with the varied cultural and biological heritage, and with other groups and individuals. A city form (design) that is compatible with and enhances the preceding parameters and forms of behaviour. An optimum level of appropriate public health and sick care service accessible to all. High health status (both high positive health status and low disease status). Hancock (1993) conceived of a Healthy Cities and Communities model in which human health and wellbeing – or human capital – is the ultimate outcome of a sustained, integrated effort to build community (social) capital, environmental capital and economic capital (See Figure 2). Figure 2: Healthy Cities Model Healthy Cities approach built on community involvement; political commitment, in which the local government is a major player; partnerships between sectors; and enabling, healthy public policy to create conditions for health. These approaches build on local capacity, by building on assets, strengths and resources. The application of the concepts, principles and practice of health promotion at the local level is important. Central to local health promotion is the key role played by local government. Many of the major determinants of health are within the scope of local government. WHO (1997) offers a systematic strategy for progressing through three phases of development of a Healthy Cities initiative in their document, Twenty Steps for Developing a Healthy Cities Project. Three main phases are start-up, initiative organisation and areas for action and strategic work. Twenty Steps makes it clear that the role of a Healthy Cities initiative is to offer effective advocacy to promote healthy public policy. Figure 3: Twenty Steps for Developing a Healthy Cities Project LESSONS LEARNED Healthy Cities Europe As the site of the first pilot Healthy Cities initiatives by WHO in the mid-1980s, Europe has in many ways served as the engine house of Healthy Cities concepts and approaches. WHO Europe has developed a legacy of theory and practice; strategy and methodology, buttressed by a huge bureaucratic initiative. Typically, the European approach has featured large cities, in which local governments play a key role as both planner and health provider. Many HC initiatives are administered at the senior corporate level of a city (such as Copenhagen or Dublin). The European Healthy Cities approach has typically involved the establishment of a peak intersectoral working group, supported by a project team. The European Healthy Cities approach has progressed through several phases: First phase 1986-1992; Second phase 1993-1998; Third phase 1998-2002; Fourth phase (2002 onwards). Only the European region of WHO has had rigorous entry requirements to the Healthy Cities initiative. For all phases of HC initiative, member cities have had to demonstrate: (i) a political commitment to Health for All and the Healthy Cities vision; (ii) that they have adequate resources to employ a full-time initiative coordinator and support staff in a HC office; and (iii) commitment to specific objectives leading to development of local health policies (De Leeuw, 2001). During the first phase of the Healthy Cities initiative, a primary objective for all cities was to establish an Urban Health Profile through completion of a Healthy Cities Questionnaire. This phase produced the well-regarded document, Twenty Steps for setting up Healthy Cities Initiative which is described in detail below. The second phase objective for cities was to create a City Health Plan. ‘A City Health Plan is a policy document including the Health Profile identifying health challenges, their determinants, and roles various actors should play in targeting those challenges’ (de Leeuw, 2001, pp. 37-38). This phase produced a plethora of case studies and models of good practice. The third phase objectives were to produce a City Health Development Plan, and engage in rigorous internal and external monitoring and evaluation. A City Health Development Plan builds on Phases I and II in that it ‘identifies strategic development issues, incorporating also urban planni ng, sustainable development and equity concerns on a longterm basis’ (de Leeuw, 2001, p. 38). In Phase III of European HC initiatives, City Health Development Plans were required to embody a more rigorous internal and external monitoring and evaluation process to identify the impact of actions identified in Health profiles and City Health Plans. WHO established an extremely comprehensive (some would argue over-bureaucratic and unwieldy) requirement that HC initiatives would assess their performance against ‘health determinants analyses, and sound and responsible approaches towards influencing determinants of health’ (De Leeuw, 2001, p. 41). Initial annual reports were eventually received from 25 out of 40 cities: many struggled with the human resources needed to complete the reports. Over 1000 HC-related activities were reported. However, ‘very few of those activities showed a strategic perspective, thus underscoring [a] degree of ‘projectism’ in cities†¦ that would hinder the development of healthy urban policies’ (De Leeuw, 2001, p. 42) and thus City Health Development Plans in Phase III. It was anticipated that the requirement to produce these Annual Reports might help create a cultural shift away from ‘projectism’ towards a more strategic planning approach. Phase IV of Healthy Cities (2003 – 2007) has attempted to address health development comprehensively, with an emphasis on partnerships, determinants and governance. This phase has also focused on developing knowledge, tools and expertise on core developmental themes of healthy urban planning, health impact assessment and healthy ageing: Healthy urban planning. Urban planners should be encouraged to integrate and supported in integrating health considerations in their planning strategies and initiatives with emphasis on equity, well-being, sustainable development and community safety. Health impact assessment. Health impact assessment processes should be applied within cities to support intersectoral action for promoting health and reducing inequality. By combining procedures, methods and tools, health impact assessment provides a structured framework for mapping how a policy, initiative or initiative affects health. Healthy ageing. Healthy ageing works to address the needs of older people related to health, care and the quality of life with special emphasis on active and independent living, creating supportive environments and ensuring access to sensitive and appropriate services. (WHO 2003) Healthy Cities and Communities USA The Healthy Cities scene in Europe compares interestingly with that in the United States. Leonard Duhl noted that whilst the Europeans made Healthy Cities a bureaucratic initiative, the Americans have seen it as a pseudo-anarchic process (personal correspondence, 10 September 2004). The approach adopted in the United States, for instance, has been driven more at a grassroots level, reflecting the realities of an individualistic cultural tradition of ‘life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness’ and small government (National Civic League, 1998: 287), from which the collective notions of the Ottawa Charter may be viewed by some with suspicion (Baum, 1993). Furthermore, with a somewhat chaotic private health care system, much government attention in the US is focused on ensuring access to basic health care, rather than addressing, at the intersectoral community level, the social determinants of health advocated in Healthy Cities (Wolff, 2003). The long and ‘embeddedâ €™ history of the involvement of health care industry in US health policy also needs to be considered. Wolff argued that the term ‘healthy communities’ is a problem in a country like the US, in which ‘health’ is dominated by privatized health care industry. Although many community organizations may be working along the lines of the Ottawa Charter to enhance population health through civic engagement and community building, they may not in fact identify ‘health’ as a primary goal of their efforts. Intersectoral collaboration has frequently been harder to achieve in the US than in countries such as Australia or Canada, in which government is expected to provide some sort of leadership (Twiss and Duma 2003, Wolff 2003). Taiwanese and Chinese examples In contrast to European, American and Australian experiences, the Taiwanese expression of Healthy Cities reflects a strong Confucian tradition of the integration of politics and academe. Many senior government personnel met during Dr Iain Butterworth’s visits to Taiwan in 2004 and 2005 – including the Ministers for Health and Culture had held academic positions. As a result, strong national government support existed for forging collaboration across sectors. As a relatively new democracy with a culture evolving as a reaction to mainland China, there also exists a strong commitment to grass-roots civic engagement and participation. In comparison, Chinese Healthy Cities-style initiatives might be characterised by central government-mandated edicts to establish initiatives and for various sectors to participate. Western notions of democratic participation led by grass-roots activists with the potential to advocate and dissent do not translate readily or easily into a desc ription of a Healthy Cities initiative led and driven by a more centralised, interventionist state. In Shanghai, one of the approaches for healthy setting includes availability of Healthy Path Building and people were encouraged to do ‘Walking 10,000 Steps Everyday’. Apart from that, there were constructions of exercise sites in communities and training personnel for sports instruction. Other activities include ‘Healthy Rhythm’, ‘Stair Climbing’, ‘Three calisthenics’ and ‘Three Balls’ Activities During the 3rd round of Shanghai Healthy City Initiative evaluation conducted in 2011, the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was administered among 3,999 Shanghai residents. The result showed that 81.2% of the respondents were physically active (37.0% were highly active), and 73.6% of the residents investigated were active in walking (13.4% were highly active). REFERENCES Eckert, S. S. Kohler 2014. Urbanization and health in developing countries: a systematic review. World Health Population 15(1): 7-20. WHO. 2015. Urbanization and health. World Health Organization, Bulletin of the World Health Organization (BLT). http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/88/4/10-010410/en/ (Accessed 1/3/2015). WHO (1986). Ottawa charter for health promotion. Available: http://www.euro.who.int/AboutWHO/Policy/20010827_2. Accessed 3 March 2015.

Biography Of U.S. Representative Janice D. Schakowsky :: essays research papers

Biography of U.S. Representative Janice D. Schakowsky (D-IL) Jan Schakowsky was elected to represent Illinois’ 9th Congressional District on November 3, 1998, after serving for eight years in the Illinois State Assembly. The 9th Congressional District encompasses city and suburbs, including the North Lakeshore of hicago, Evanston, Skokie, Niles, Morton Grove and several Northwest Side neighborhoods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A consumer and senior citizen advocate U.S. Representative Jan Schakowsky has fought throughout her career for economic and social improved life. She is support of universal health care coverage for all Americans, to investment in public education, and o seniors citizens, working families, and women issues.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Schakowsky is active in the campaign to give 39 million senior citizens and persons with disabilities access to affordable prescription drugs. Schakowsky is also working to ensure that seniors receive quality home, hospice, and nursing home care. In 1969 Schakowsky led the fight that put freshness dates on products sold in the supermarket, Schakowsky carries on that tradition in Congress. She introduced the Financial Consumers’ Bill of Rights Act, a comprehensive bill to put an end to ATM surch ges and exorbitant bank fees, and to deliver real financial privacy protections for consumers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In her first term in office, she was successful in including provisions in major legislation to expand housing opportunities for low-income people and to assist small business owners and farmers. She is an active member of the Congressional Human Right Caucus and is a champion of expanding our nations’ hate crime laws. Following the vicious hate crimes committed against her constituents and others over the 4th of July weekend in 1999, her bill condemning acts of hate was passed by the full House.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She active in protecting children and putting an end to gun violence. In 1999, she organized the first national women’s forum on gun safety in Chicago and is working against the gun lobby to pass sensible gun safety measures that would save lives. Scha wsky also introduced major bills to increase federal assistance for abused women and children and to protect the rights of battered immigrant women. Schakowsky is working to deliver to the people of the 9th Congressional District superior services and a voice in congress when dealing with federal agencies. Representing one of the most diverse districts in the nation, Schakowsky immediately took on t Immigration and Naturalization Service on behalf of her constituents in order to bring to an end the agency’s culture of the â€Å"customer is always wrong. Biography Of U.S. Representative Janice D. Schakowsky :: essays research papers Biography of U.S. Representative Janice D. Schakowsky (D-IL) Jan Schakowsky was elected to represent Illinois’ 9th Congressional District on November 3, 1998, after serving for eight years in the Illinois State Assembly. The 9th Congressional District encompasses city and suburbs, including the North Lakeshore of hicago, Evanston, Skokie, Niles, Morton Grove and several Northwest Side neighborhoods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A consumer and senior citizen advocate U.S. Representative Jan Schakowsky has fought throughout her career for economic and social improved life. She is support of universal health care coverage for all Americans, to investment in public education, and o seniors citizens, working families, and women issues.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Schakowsky is active in the campaign to give 39 million senior citizens and persons with disabilities access to affordable prescription drugs. Schakowsky is also working to ensure that seniors receive quality home, hospice, and nursing home care. In 1969 Schakowsky led the fight that put freshness dates on products sold in the supermarket, Schakowsky carries on that tradition in Congress. She introduced the Financial Consumers’ Bill of Rights Act, a comprehensive bill to put an end to ATM surch ges and exorbitant bank fees, and to deliver real financial privacy protections for consumers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In her first term in office, she was successful in including provisions in major legislation to expand housing opportunities for low-income people and to assist small business owners and farmers. She is an active member of the Congressional Human Right Caucus and is a champion of expanding our nations’ hate crime laws. Following the vicious hate crimes committed against her constituents and others over the 4th of July weekend in 1999, her bill condemning acts of hate was passed by the full House.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She active in protecting children and putting an end to gun violence. In 1999, she organized the first national women’s forum on gun safety in Chicago and is working against the gun lobby to pass sensible gun safety measures that would save lives. Scha wsky also introduced major bills to increase federal assistance for abused women and children and to protect the rights of battered immigrant women. Schakowsky is working to deliver to the people of the 9th Congressional District superior services and a voice in congress when dealing with federal agencies. Representing one of the most diverse districts in the nation, Schakowsky immediately took on t Immigration and Naturalization Service on behalf of her constituents in order to bring to an end the agency’s culture of the â€Å"customer is always wrong.

Graduation Speech Essay

?It’s a rare opportunity to be given this privilege to talk to young minds like you–the youth whose minds and thinking are ideal, pure and filled with enthusiasm. Our theme is â€Å"The Graduate: A Partner Towards Transformational Society, An Answer to Societal Change†. We cannot effect social change if we ignore the social problems that are in our midst nowadays facing our very eyes. We should dig deeper to the root causes of these social problems. Every day, every hour, and every minute of our lives, we hear, we see the social problems besetting our country and our community. There is poverty, corruption in the government, violence, drug addiction, crimes, injustice and so on as if they are here to stay. Are there no more solutions for these ills of society? How and when can we stop this? The real root causes of these problems are the values of the people which they were brought up. Diploma is nothing without moral values. We have intelligent people in our society but they do not possess the right values. They think only for themselves. We have intelligent graduates but they ended up as greedy politicians and greedy businessmen. We have intelligent graduates but they are also indifferent, self-centered, irresponsible and lazy. What the society needs now are graduates who are disciplined, hardworking, honest, hospitable, makiKapwa, makaDiyos at Makabayan, not intelligent alone. Graduates, I encourage you to participate in our Sangguniang Kabataan actively in all its programs and activities. Let us always relive the bayanihan spirit and start it with the SK. It’s alright to aim for success in life. But true success is not only with becoming rich in material respect but rich with moral values. To our graduates, let’s not forget our Filipino values. Let’s keep our moral fibers intact as we go along the ladders of success. We know we cannot transform our society overnight. We know we cannot do it alone. As the future leaders of our society, you, graduates, should start now in your own little ways. Parents, and teachers, let’s us be a model to them and help our graduates in directing their path—to the path that is noble and worth living. To the graduates, congratulations, and may God Bless you.

How to Make an Audiobook Step-by-Step [With Video]

How to Make an Audiobook Step-by-Step [With Video] How to Make an Audiobook Step-by-Step [With Video] Not having an audiobook version of your book might, quite likely, be the death of your success. Which means you must know how to make an audiobook to fix that.We’re in the age of podcasts, radio apps, and audiobooks, and now couldn’t be a better time to convert your eBook into an audiobook. But many writers get scared off by the thought of creating an audiobook.â€Å"Isn’t it expensive?† â€Å"Won’t it take a ton of time?† â€Å"How do I even do it?!?† Thankfully, self-publishing an audiobook now is as easy as self-publishing your book. It has become cost-effective and approachable for self-published authors, and there is a range of options depending on the budget you want to spend on it.Here are the steps for how to make an audiobook:Prep your book for audiobook recordingDecide who will record itHire an audiobook narratorRecord the audiobook yourselfWork with an audiobook producerCreate the audiobook at homeUpload your audiobook to AC XHere are the exact steps you need to follow, and our suggestions for turning your book into the next big audiobook.

How to Write a Good Marketing Essay

How to Write a Good Marketing Essay How to Write a Good Marketing Essay The Purpose of Marketing Essays Marketing essays can help put a good marketing strategy in place by conveying information about competitive market advantages and financial profits. Marketing essays express thoughts and ideas and persuade people in understanding opinions and viewpoints relating to marketing strategy initiatives. Tips for Writing a Good Marketing Essay Begin with deciding on a relevant topic and thesis. This includes conducting relevant research about the marketing aspects that pertain to your chosen subject. Three important aspects of marketing are: image, the competition, and customer service. It is important to focus on these three marketing aspects when writing a marketing essay. In addition, the following tips will help you with your essay: The Topic – Choose a topic based on a logical framework within your field, such as those researched by past marketing experts like Philip Kotler and Michael Porter. The Framework – The framework of your marketing essay should have a theoretical approach such as with those by marketing experts. It is important to study other companies and products to understand market positioning, using reliable research sources, for a relevant essay. Reliable research sources include those from publications and universities such as JSTOR, EBSCOhost, Harvard, or Cambridge. Next, construct an outline of your essay to use as a blueprint for writing the essay. The Introduction and Thesis Your introduction should outline your main idea and should contain your thesis statement. Here is where you build your argument and a case for your thesis. The Body – This is where your argument is outlined and reasoned. It is a good idea to use previous case study information to help the reader understand your topic, as it pertains to marketing. Approach your argument logically, step-by-step so that the paper flows. Expand on details and use examples. Be sure to use your researched information to set up a good case for your thesis, so that the reader can easily understand your purpose. The body of the essay will also contain your research findings, conclusion, recommendations, and author opinions. These aspects of the essay should wrap up and tie in all of the research, information and viewpoints to answer marketing research questions and expand on whether further research is needed. Editing and Revision – This step is essential to the flow and cohesiveness of your marketing essay, and includes revision. Revision includes ensuring that all relevant information is included in the essay, such as a marketing issue or ideas. Editing entails ensuring the document is free from grammatical, spelling, and language use errors. Writing a marketing essay is not an easy task, but following these tips can certainly help you complete the task and deliver a well-researched, well-written, and informative essay. At you will get professional Marketing essay help from academic experts.

Erikson Autobiographical Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Erikson Autobiographical Assignment - Essay Example The infant depends entirely on his or her caregivers hence the value of care that the child receives plays a vital role in the determining the child’s character (Erickson, 1963). It is at this stage that the child learns whether or not he / she can trust the people around him / her. Does the caregiver attend to the needs of the baby when he cries? Does anyone comfort the child when he / she is frightened? The child learns to trust the people who are taking care for him or her when these needs are consistently met. If his / her needs are not consistently met, the child will mistrust the people around him. A child who successfully develops trust feels safe and secure in the world. Caregivers who are not consistent, emotionally unavailable or rejecting contribute to feelings of mistrust in the children they care for. Mistrust will result to fear and a belief that the world is inconsistent and random (Erickson, 1963). During my infancy I was attached to my mother to the extent that I never wanted to let her go. Whenever my mother was away, I would cry and start suckling my fingers. I used to feel like anyone else apart from my mother was meant to harm me. With time I started getting used to my elder sister who would always attend to me whenever I cried. When I was one year old, I started investing in relationships with almost everyone at home, I had developed non-suspicious attitudes, was welcoming to touch, could easily let mother go and share my possessions. I had developed trust. At this stage children are focused on gaining a greater sense of self-control. The child learns to master skills such as walking, talking, feeding and other fine motor skills. The child also learns to say "NO!" which is a vital skill of the will. It is important to gain a sense of individual control over the world at this phase of development. The child develops a sense of control and a feeling of freedom on

Building Effective Team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 181

Building Effective Team - Essay Example While forming a team out of group members that have never worked with each other different team members have to play different roles. The leader needs to provide direction, assign responsibilities and communicate effectively and efficiently. The members need to develop healthy relationships and avoid power and political tactics. They need to trust each other and work closely with each other while spending some time in different entertaining activities with each other as this will further strengthen their relationships. In order to sort out conflicts that arise between team members, leaders have to play a major role. The leader first needs to realize and accept that a conflict is taking place. Then he/she should call a meeting between team members. In this team meeting he should give every members of the conflict to provide their side of the story. This will help parties in understanding the issues from each other’s point of view. Then the leader needs to allow the members to f ind solutions and identify a solution that is in the best interest of the entire team and implement th ­e solution to solve the conflict. ­Bruce Tuckman has provided a stage-wise plan for building effective teams and has outlined different activities that leaders and members need to perform to develop such teams (Schneider 17). Tuckman states that in order to develop effective teams leaders need to provide guidance, assign roles and responsibly and delegate authority. While the members need to build relationships with each others, develop hardworking attitudes and believe in the aims and objectives of the leader and the organization. In order to develop effective team’s leaders need to lead by example and delegate power and responsibility, while the members need to trust each other and work hard and refrain from political tactics. Ineffective teams are developed when leaders do not trust their members, and members try to overpower other members  and form groups within t he team.